Research Articles
Kids and concussions – the latest science on risks and long-term effects
Isaac was 7 years old when he sustained his first concussion. He playing non-contact hockey. Joanna was 15 years old when she got her first concussion while playing competitive soccer. It was a long and hard road to recovery for both of them. They each suffered a number of setbacks and subsequent concussions. And they are just two examples of a silent epidemic that stems from playing sports.
Reducing musculoskeletal injury and concussion risk in schoolboy rugby players with a pre-activity movement control exercise programme: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Michael D Hislop,1 Keith A Stokes,1 Sean Williams,1 Carly D McKay,1 Mike E England,2
Simon P T Kemp,2 Grant Trewartha1
Injury risk in youth rugby has received much attention, highlighting the importance of establishing evidence-based injury reduction strategies. Aim To determine the efficacy of a movement control exercise programme in reducing injuries in youth rugby players and to investigate the effect of programme dose on injury measures.
Comparison of branded rugby headguards on their effectiveness in reducing impact on the head
Erin R A Frizzell, Graham P Arnold, Weijie Wang, Rami J Abboud, Tim S Drew
To compare the available brands of rugby headguards and evaluate their impact attenuation properties at various locations on the cranium, with regard to concussion prevention.
The Pathophysiology of Boxing Injuries
Michael Paul Loosemore
This thesis explores the prevalence, nature and pathogenesis of injuries in boxing. Following an introductory chapter and literature review (Chapters 1 and 2 respectively); Chapter 3 examines injuries in the GB boxing squad from 2005 to 2009. There were a total of 66 boxers on the squad during this period 61% were injured, a total of 297 injuries were recorded. The injury rate in competition was at least 460 times higher than in training, and most injuries were new rather than recurrent (246 v 51). The incidence of concussion is comparatively low compared to other studies in amateur boxing (5 in 5 years). Hand and wrist injuries were the most frequent (23.2%).
Association of Ringside Physicians Consensus Statement: Concussion in Combat Sports
British Journal of Sports Medicine
Concussion is a controversial topic in the world of sports medicine. Various organizations and experts have published numerous statements and recommendations regarding different aspects of sports-related concussion including definition, presentation, treatment, management and return to play guidelines.1-7 Many noncombat sports organizations, from the amateur to the professional levels, have recognized the importance of proper concussion management.
The Dynamics of concussion: Mapping Pathophysiology, Persistence, and recovery With causal-loop Diagramming
Erin S. Kenzie1*, Elle L. Parks1, Erin D. Bigler 2, David W. Wright 3, Miranda M. Lim4,5, James C. Chesnutt6, Gregory W. J. Hawryluk 7, Wayne Gordon8 and Wayne Wakeland1
Despite increasing public awareness and a growing body of literature on the subject of concussion, or mild traumatic brain injury, an urgent need still exists for reliable diagnostic measures, clinical care guidelines, and effective treatments for the condition. Complexity and heterogeneity complicate research efforts and indicate the need for innovative approaches to synthesize current knowledge in order to improve clinical outcomes. Methods from the interdisciplinary field of systems science, including models of complex systems, have been increasingly applied to biomedical applications and show promise for generating insight for traumatic brain injury.
A Brief Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Assessment to Evaluate Concussions
Anne Mucha, DPT, Michael W. Collins, PhD, R.J. Elbin, PhD, Joseph M. Furman, MD, PhD, Cara Troutman-Enseki, DPT, Ryan M. DeWolf, MS, ATC, Greg Marchetti, PhD, and Anthony P. Kontos, PhD
Vestibular and ocular motor impairments and symptoms have been documented in patients with sport-related concussions. However, there is no current brief clinical screen to assess and monitor these issues.
Time Course and Diagnostic Accuracy of Glial and Neuronal Blood Biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1 in a Large Cohort of Trauma Patients With and Without Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Linda Papa, MDCM, MSc; Gretchen M. Brophy, PharmD; Robert D.Welch, MD, MS; Lawrence M. Lewis, MD; Carolina F. Braga, BA; Ciara N. Tan, BS, MHSH; Neema J. Ameli, BS; Marco A. Lopez, AS; Crystal A. Haeussler, BS; Diego I. Mendez Giordano, BS; Salvatore Silvestri
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) have been widely studied and show promise for clinical usefulness in suspected traumatic brain injury (TBI) and concussion. Understanding their diagnostic accuracy over time will help translate them into clinical practice.
Blood Biomarkers for Brain Injury in Concussed Professional Ice Hockey Players
Pashtun Shahim, MD; Yelverton Tegner,MD, PhD; David H. Wilson, PhD; Jeffrey Randall, PhD; Tobias Skillbäck, MD; David Pazooki, MD, PhD; Birgitta Kallberg, BSc; Kaj Blennow, MD, PhD; Henrik Zetterberg, MD, PhD
Lack of objective biomarkers for brain damage hampers acute diagnosis and clinical decision making about return to play after sports-related concussion.
